le 2 octobre 2025 à 10:30
The recent improvements in hardware architectures and virtualisation technologies are starting to make virtualised environments appealing even for applications that have not been traditionally considered as virtualisable, such as, for example, real-time applications. As a result, there is much ongoing research on real-time Virtual Machines, hypervisors, and containerisation stacks. Although most of this research focuses either on reducing the latencies introduced by the virtualisation stack (hypervisor, host Operating System, Virtual Machine scheduling, etc) or analysing the virtual CPU scheduling algorithms, the real-time performance of the virtualised applications might depend on other aspects. For example, the impact of the guest Operating System architecture on real-time performance, or the trade-offs between multiple performance metrics such as latency, schedulability, startup times, and resource consumption. After presenting an introduction to real-time virtualisation and the different solutions that can be used to implement it, this presentation compares various features of different virtualisation technologies and guest Operating Systems, evaluating their suitability for serving real-time applications. The presented results show how to use linux-based systems to run real-time applications in VMs based on KVM or Xen, or in containers (for containers, some out-of-tree kernel patches might be needed). Finally, it will be shown that solutions based on KVM (and an appropriate microvm) and the OSv unikernel can beconsidered viable alternatives to more traditional VMs or containers.
Bio: Luca Abeni is an Associate Professor at the ReTiS (Real Time Systems) Lab of Scuola Superiore S. Anna, Pisa. He graduated in computer engineering from the University of Pisa in 1998 and has been a PhD student at Scuola Superiore S. Anna from 1999 to 2002, carrying out research on real-time operating systems, scheduling algorithms, quality of service management, and multimedia applications.
In 2000, he was a visiting student at Carnegie Mellon University, working with professor Ragunathan Rajkumar on Resource Kernels and resource reservation algorithms for real-time kernels. In 2001, he was a visiting student at Oregon Graduate Institute (Portland), working with professor Jonathan Walpole on feedback scheduling algorithms and resource allocation and on the evaluation and improvement of the real-time performance of the Linux kernel.
In 2006 he became Associate Professor at the University of Trento. Since 2017, he is back at Scuola Superiore S. Anna as Associate Professor. He received the 2021 RTSS Influential Paper Award for his work on reseource reservation algorithms.
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